Dandasena, Debabrata and Bhandari, Vasundhra and Sreenivasamurthy, G. S. and Murthy, Shweta and Roy, Sonti and Bhanot, Vandna and Arora, Jaspreet Singh and Singh, Satparkash and Sharma, Paresh (2018) A Real-Time PCR based assay for determining parasite to host ratio and parasitaemia in the clinical samples of Bovine Theileriosis. Scientific Reports, 8 (1). ISSN 2045-2322

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Abstract

Bovine theileriosis is caused by an apicomplexan parasite Teileria spp. which is an important tick-borne disease of livestock1 . Teileria annulata and Teileria parva are the two economically important species responsible for livestock morbidity and mortality worldwide2–4 . In India, T. annulata is the primary causative agent which hampers animal health and productivity5,6 . Te economic loss to the tune of $800 million has been reported due to infection caused by T. annulata in India7 . It mainly infects cross-breed cattle, however, native breed cattle like water bufalo, and small ruminants are also known to be afected5 . Te prevalence of T. annulata from diferent parts of India has been reported from 3 to 41% with the help of microscopy and molecular tests8,9 . Te existing diagnostic tools include microscopy, PCR, and serological assays. Te need of the hour is a sensitive, and reliable diagnostic tool which can perform timely detection along with an estimation of host-parasite ratio of clinical samples. Te life cycle of T. annulata is complex, the tick vector while feeding on cattle releases the sporozoites in the bloodstream, which later enters into the host leukocytes (monocytes or B-lymphocytes)10,11. Following host leukocyte invasion, T. annulata hijacks the host cell machinery and transforms the cells with a cancer-like phenotype11. T. annulata parasites multiply in synchrony along with the host cells and form schizonts which is the symptomatic stage of the disease. Te transformed T. annulata infected bovine leukocyte cells can be cultured in vitro for an infnite time in the parasite-specifc culture medium. Currently, an attenuated T. annulata schizont stage vaccine is available in India for controlling the disease12,13. Te diagnosis of theileriosis heavily relies on the microscopy, where Giemsa stain is used to check for Teileria infected multinucleated host cells (Koch’s bodies) and the piroplasm stage in the blood smear14. Microscopy has certain drawbacks of being tedious, labour

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	Animal Genetics and Genomics Infectious Diseases Inflammation Biology Reproductive Biology Genetic Engineering Bioinformatics
Depositing User:	Mr Harjit Singh
Date Deposited:	26 Jun 2019 08:41
Last Modified:	26 Jun 2019 11:09
URI:	http://niab.sciencecentral.in/id/eprint/65

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